You probably won't find many stronger advocates when it comes to the argument that stand-up (and to some extent comedy generally) imust be regarded as an important exception to normal standards of civil discussion, and an area where freedom of expression needs to be especially vigorously protected. For one thing, I'm a zealous advocate for free speech, even onerous free speech, in general, and from within a profession that significantly defines those rights--and which thus has a high degree of responsibility for understanding their importance. On top of that, I'm a massive fan of stand-up: I've watched so much of it in the last few decades, that I'm quite confident I could sit down with a pencil and pad and the benefit of only my memory to aid me and come up with a list of my top 100 stand-up. In fact, I'd still probably have a tough time deciding who got to be included on a list of only 100. I think it's an under-appreciated craft that is probably more important now than it has ever been previously. And I think there are all kinds of caveats that comedy gets with regard to the usual rules of dignity and respect. As many comics have put it, the subject of a joke is not necessarily the target of the joke, and that's an important distinction. Good comedy can be as vital as good research, good policy, or good social theory in providing us with important insights into many issues. Very often I find complaints about stand-up histrionic and/or just outright poorly reasoned.
But even I don't think that the context of comedy provides a magical talisman that can be waved to dismiss any kind of scrutiny ever. For one thing, to get the benefit, you need to start off by being actually funny. You can't just say some biggoted, small-minded bullshit and then claim your career choice or the fact you were standing on a stage is reason in itself that it should be cloaked from judgment or that anyone who objects to it doesn't understand comedy or is an enemy of open discourse. There are comedians whose entire acts are just them getting on stage and telling jokes about how untrustworthy they believe jews are. They aren't super successful, generally, but they exist. And beyond just being obviously hateful racists, those guys are also just hacks as far as comedy is concerned. In no way does it make sense to treat them as a equivalent to an Anthony Jeselnik or Frankie Boyle--two comedians who routinely predicate their jokes in the most awful topics and go out of their way to always be challenging the claim that there is any subject that cannot be made funny. But they do so with jokes which consistently do something clever and novel. I know of many comedians who tell jokes about the same types of topics, which jokes are on the surface level, much less ghastly, but which I nevertheless find much more obnoxious because their "tamer" jokes are just hackneyed recyclings of stereotypes and I think they more likely reflect a more cretinous, genuinely retrograde attitude.
So, it's complicated I guess is my point. Comedy, like any other exercise of expression, has to be judged in context: what can we infer about the motivation? What was the assertion? (which in comedy is not always as obvious as it is in other linguistic acts: sometimes the literal statement of what the comic is saying is diametrically opposite to what he is actually implying--or to side of that point, or just an outright intentional non-sequitur/wordplay). Was it calculated and presented in such a way that we can say the average rational person ought to have gotten the actual meaning, if it leverages an offensive idea but is not in fact offensive in its own meaning? Or if it is just outright offensive, was the joke itself funny enough (or the underlying point so much more important) that we can forgive the offensiveness because of the art that went into the joke was so good? There's a lot of factors. And again, I often find myself (unsurpisingly given my priorities) siding with comedians against most complaints, because most are knee-jerk and poorly considered and regard someone's particular idiosyncratic combination of sacred cows. But say for example someone digs up some "comic" celebrity's extensive history of tedious racist jokes on their early twitter feed. That person doesn't then automatically get my allegiance just by trying to play their comedian card. More likely than not, I'm just going to consider that person an intolerant twat who not only is a wrong-headed moron, but who also tried to leverage the standing of a craft that would be better off without them to try to excuse away their own personal failures of character.